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Road transport is the most affordable, affordable and widespread. Economic development and connecting people - this is the modern perception of road transport. Today, becoming more efficient, cleaner, safer and quieter, it remains unique in terms of providing door-to-door delivery. With good reason, we can say that any sanction against road transport turns into even greater sanctions against the economy as a whole.
And what challenges does today's day present him primarily in the field of freight and passenger transportation? How does Russia's entry into the WTO affect this segment of the transport complex? Interest in these issues is associated not only and not so much with possible competition from foreign carriers. It will be, so to speak, a problem of the second stage. And on the agenda are changes that are occurring, first of all, in the truck market. With the adoption of protective measures for the domestic manufacturer, the configuration of the Russian automotive market is changing both quantitatively and qualitatively. And carriers cannot but reckon with this.
Road transport and economic growth go side by side. This is an indisputable fact. Trucks connect plants, enterprises and consumers. City and intercity buses and taxis connect people to work, school, hospitals, shopping centers, restaurants and many other infrastructure facilities.
The economy is thriving thanks to the flexibility of road transport, which provides unique door-to-door services.
Nevertheless, judging by the indices of road transport developed by specialists from the International Road Transport Union (IRU), which allow us to compare GDP growth, freight traffic and the number of new vehicles registered in 58 countries, OECD countries (Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development composed of 34 countries) and the EU expects a second wave of economic recession, while the BRICS countries (Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa) are in a state of rapid economic development. What is the matter here?
Chart 1
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The economies of the BRICS countries are growing rapidly for one simple reason. They understand that the key to economic growth lies in innovation and large investments in capital goods, including small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), for example, motor transport companies that provide more than 85% of jobs.
If we compare the figures for 2010 and 2011, then the BRICS countries surpassed the OECD countries in terms of growth in traffic (in tons) and continue to maintain the same indicators in 2012. BRICS transport operators transported 7.7% more cargo compared to carriers from the OECD and the EU, which increased traffic by 1.7% and 1.6%, respectively.
In 2102, the growth rate of transport work in the OECD and EU countries decreased to 0.9% and 0.8%, respectively, and ultimately stabilized in the 3rd and 4th quarters. The number of registration of new vehicles in the first quarter of 2012 in the OECD and the EU increased by 0.9% and 0.7% and then stabilized in the second half of 2012.
However, not everything is lost. The OECD and EU countries have not yet reached the second wave of economic recession, but they need to learn from how the BRICS countries coped with the consequences of the last crisis in 2008, and this can be done by recognizing that road transport is the main non-subsidized means of production, which interconnects all enterprises in all regions with all world markets. It is for this reason that this industry needs to be supported and supported in every way, which will help to avoid a new recession in the future and restore sustainable economic development in 2013.
It seems that the conclusions of IRU specialists should be heeded, especially in terms of state support for vehicles.
The stable operation of Russian carriers directly depends on what rolling stock they have at their disposal: new or used, Russian or imported, if Russian, what assembly. And most importantly, at what price will our carriers buy trucks manufactured in the G-7 countries or in China, when, on the one hand, all WTO conditions come into force, and on the other hand, state support measures will work with the same full force side of the Russian government.
Chart 2
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First of all, the domestic auto industry needs support, and even more so when it joins the WTO. The Russian authorities understand this and therefore, at the end of 2012, by order of the Government of the Russian Federation, the state program “Development of Industry and Increasing its Competitiveness for the Period Until 2010”, which included the subprogram “Automotive Industry”, was approved. According to the subprogramme's passport, target indicators include both qualitative and quantitative indicators. These include - an index of growth in production volumes of the automotive industry; production dynamics in the automotive industry; labor productivity growth index in the automotive industry; growth index of investments in automobile enterprises; the share of exports of light cars from the volume of production; the share of truck exports of production. Particular attention should be paid to two such relevant for the modern stage of development of the automotive industry, as growth indices of investment in the industry and labor productivity. The work of the automotive industry in the WTO conditions with increased competition from Western manufacturers, on the one hand, requires significant financial support, and on the other, an increase in the efficiency of use of labor resources. The program includes indicators for the export of both cars and trucks, which indicates the government’s attention to expanding the domestic equipment sales market. The subprogram will be implemented in 2 stages: the first from 2012 to 2015, the second from 2016 to 2020.
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