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Category: Auto Tips

Spark Plugs: Burnt By Spark

2024

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Spark Plugs: Burnt By Spark
Spark Plugs: Burnt By Spark
Anonim

The discharge of the most resourceful of the candles known to us is DENSO Iridium. The discharge licks a thin central electrode with a diameter of 0.4 mm and thereby cleans it. In our test, we did not take these candles - they did not pass the price filter. But to explain the effect of self-cleaning, prolonging the life of the candle, this picture is very indicative

Разряд самой ресурсной из известных нам свечей - DENSO Iridium. Разряд облизывает тонкий центральный электрод диаметром 0, 4 мм и тем самым чистит его. В свой тест мы эти свечи не взяли - они не прошли ценовой фильтр. Но для пояснения эффекта самоочистки, продлевающей ресурс свечи, эта картинка очень показательна
Разряд самой ресурсной из известных нам свечей - DENSO Iridium. Разряд облизывает тонкий центральный электрод диаметром 0, 4 мм и тем самым чистит его. В свой тест мы эти свечи не взяли - они не прошли ценовой фильтр. Но для пояснения эффекта самоочистки, продлевающей ресурс свечи, эта картинка очень показательна

The discharge of the most resourceful of the candles known to us is DENSO Iridium. The discharge licks a thin central electrode with a diameter of 0.4 mm and thereby cleans it. In our test, we did not take these candles - they did not pass the price filter. But to explain the effect of self-cleaning, prolonging the life of the candle, this picture is very indicative. The discharge of the most resourceful of the candles known to us is DENSO Iridium. The discharge licks a thin central electrode with a diameter of 0.4 mm and thereby cleans it. In our test, we did not take these candles - they did not pass the price filter. But to explain the effect of self-cleaning, prolonging the life of the candle, this picture is very indicative.

Candlestick examinations are the magazine’s signature dish, but … We never added one important component to this dish - as if by accident. But you are wondering how the characteristics of the candles will change after a long work in real conditions? The problem is that one cannot do with extrapolation here: they need to be tortured for at least 30 thousand km. And this is a long, expensive and very dreary: for each set of candles for at least a month and a half of bench motor twist! Nevertheless, identical motor stands were prepared.

We decided to take the candles, oriented to the majority of the eight-valves operated by us: on the “large” hexagon (21st size) and with the conditional glow number 17. But we tried to take various designs. But the price was limited: no more than 800 rubles per set. After all, launching iridium favorites with elegant thin electrodes into such a “run” is the same as bringing Real Madrid and a team from our second football league …

As a base, we took ordinary single-electrode candles: European WEEN 370 and Japanese NGK BPR6ES-11. The company they made three-electrode EZ-T17DVRM from Engels. The cheapest option with yttrium electrodes “played” for refractory materials and alloys: the Czech Brisk A-line LR15YCY-1. Positions of platinum defended Bosch Platinum WR7DPX with a thin central electrode. And finally, DENSO W20TT with original side and central electrodes made of nickel-chromium alloy. Special protrusions that organize the spark gap of the candle are pressed on them - this is an attempt to realize the advantages of thin-electrode candles without any precious metals. Remember: we compare designs, not brands!

The Bosch Platinum WR7DPX thin platinum center electrode is fully recessed into the insulator. For European operating conditions, this is probably good, but in our test on domestic engines and gasolines this design somewhat reduced the life of the candle

Тонкий платиновый центральный электрод Bosch Platinum WR7DPX полностью утоплен в изолятор. Для европейских условий эксплуатации это, наверное, хорошо, но в нашем тесте на отечественных моторах и бензинах такая конструкция несколько снизила ресурс свечи
Тонкий платиновый центральный электрод Bosch Platinum WR7DPX полностью утоплен в изолятор. Для европейских условий эксплуатации это, наверное, хорошо, но в нашем тесте на отечественных моторах и бензинах такая конструкция несколько снизила ресурс свечи

The Bosch Platinum WR7DPX thin platinum center electrode is fully recessed into the insulator. For European operating conditions, this is probably good, but in our test on domestic engines and gasolines this design somewhat reduced the life of the candle. The Bosch Platinum WR7DPX thin platinum center electrode is fully recessed into the insulator. For European operating conditions, this is probably good, but in our test on domestic engines and gasolines this design somewhat reduced the life of the candle.

The test procedure is obvious. First, all the kits were sequentially placed in the same bench engine - the VAZ injection eight-valve. Conducted a standard test cycle - got the starting base. Relative to it, in the future, the deterioration of engine performance was monitored as the candles age.

The basic numbers of surprises do not contain. Simple single-electrode electrodes came out smoothly: the differences only climbed a little beyond the limits of measurements. But the three-electrode EZ-T17DVRM, the thin-electrode Bosch Platinum WR7DPX, as well as the DENSO W20TT gave a noticeable improvement in both power and engine efficiency. Although, of course, the intended 2-3% improvement will give a visible effect for the wallet only with long runs, when gas consumption is considered not barrels, but barrels. But this is exactly what we originally wanted to clarify.

Our neighbors, of course, cursed us: with the thunder of our stands, we got them very much. From seven in the morning until nine in the evening - three months, three stands … However, everything once ends: the motors are stopped, the candles are twisted. The electrodes and insulators turned black, covered with deposits, in some places traces of metal erosion are visible. But even the usual single-electrode kits, taken by us as a base, passed all circles with honor. I didn’t have to change a single candle during the race: here is the loaded test cycle on domestic gasolines. This means that the resource declared at present by almost all manufacturers of even the simplest candles at least 30 thousand kilometers is not just a marketing ploy.

DENSO W20TT: proprietary solution for stabilization and intensification of the discharge, and without the use of precious metals. And it, as our test showed, works

DENSO W20TT: фирменное решение для стабилизации и интенсификации разряда, причем без применения драгоценных металлов. И оно, как показал наш тест, работает
DENSO W20TT: фирменное решение для стабилизации и интенсификации разряда, причем без применения драгоценных металлов. И оно, как показал наш тест, работает

DENSO W20TT: proprietary solution for stabilization and intensification of the discharge, and without the use of precious metals. And it, as our test showed, works! DENSO W20TT: proprietary solution for stabilization and intensification of the discharge, and without the use of precious metals. And it, as our test showed, works!

And how much did the performance parameters deteriorate? Let's see … For this, in the control motor - the same one on which the initial cycle of comparative tests was carried out - they put the beaten-up sets and repeated measurements. The results obtained were compared with the initial data. Now you can easily compare the numbers.

The basic sets of candles remained operational, but significantly reduced engine performance. Consumption increased by about 6%, toxicity in CO and CH jumped up by 8–10%. Why? Because under the pressure gaps of sparking began to appear, and these are gaps of flashes! And the motor controller, catching excess oxygen in the exhaust pipe, enriched the mixture. Hence the excess consumption, and great toxicity. The decrease in parameters of the Brisk A-line was less than that of the base candles, but also noticeable.

The test leader supposed in advance - "platinum" Bosch performed better, but the shape of the central electrode, completely recessed into the insulator, played a clearly negative role. At one time, we already noted this when we tested candles on gasoline with metal-containing additives (ЗР, 2007, No. 1). The explanation is simple: a spark of a thin-electrode candle with a conventional central electrode extended from the insulator licks its tip, as it were, cleansing of deposits and deposits. But the Bosch Platinum candle is deprived of this advantage: as a result, the kit lost the lead to the domestic three-electrodes EZ-T17DVRM and Japanese DENSO W20TT. These kits gave a deterioration in all parameters, but it only slightly climbed beyond the measurement error. So for them 30 thousand km is only the prime of life! Unless, of course, on the way there is no gas station with particularly vile gasoline that can kill anything.

And one more thing: as usual, we conducted a test cycle, which we call emergency. A regular generator is disconnected from the motor, an “empty” battery is placed, and the on-board network is powered from a laboratory current source. This allows you to track the response of the candles to a decrease in voltage in the on-board network. Here the differences between the sets - both new and used - were revealed most clearly. And again, the products declared as especially long-playing are leading - DENSO W20TT, Bosch Platinum and our multi-electrodes. And what the candles looked like after the tests, the photo shows. Participants of the "run" are arranged alphabetically.

In conclusion, a little arithmetic. Over 30 thousand km, the average “vazik” eats about 2500 liters of fuel, taking about 65 thousand rubles from the budget. If we take into account the average increase in consumption, then, taking into account the initial differences, the savings from the use of long-playing candles will be a couple of thousand pe. The usefulness of a real increase in power and a reduction in emissions is an estimate for yourself.

DETAILS

The German kit with a thin Bosch Platinum WR7DPX thin platinum central electrode is within our price range:

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However, the ingenious design with a recessed electrode proved to be average, losing to the three-electrode from Engels.

The Czech Brisk A-line LR15YCY-1 also “played” for refractory materials and alloys - the cheapest option with yttrium electrodes:

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Visually in design, these candles do not differ much from ordinary single-electrode, only the tip of the side electrode is “sharpened” on a sharp edge. And it helped them perform better than the base candles.

Japanese candles DENSO W20TT:

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Here, a protrusion is pressed on the side electrode of a special chromium-nickel alloy, forming a zone of increased intensity of the spark discharge. As a result, these "Japanese" beat everyone.

European WEEN 370 - the simplest single-electrode:

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The test as a whole was passed, although the total increase in consumption by almost 6% suggests that they practically departed.

Japanese NGK BPR6ES-11 - single electrode more expensive than European:

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The results are about the same: they did not give up, but judging by the deterioration of the parameters, they had to live …

A set of three-electrode candles EZ-T17DVRM originally from Engels promised an increased resource:

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Well, multi-electrodes by the end of the run really looked better than the "one-headed" brothers.

WHY CANDLES ARE OLD

What happens to candles in the process of their work? Why are their indicators changing?

There are several factors. The most important is the erosion of the metal of the electrodes under the action of multiple intense spark discharge. As erosion processes develop, the size and geometric shape of the spark gap change. With an increase in the gap, the discharge intensity decreases, up to its complete cessation in some operating modes, in which the conditions of spark formation and initial ignition of the mixture in the cylinder are difficult. This is idling, maximum loads, cold start.

In addition, as you work in the cylinder, the surfaces of the insulator and electrodes are covered with a layer of carbon - under certain conditions of conductive. In extreme condition, it can form so-called soot bridges, shunting the spark group of the candle.

Under the influence of high temperatures, the protective coating of the candle insulator (glaze) is likely to be destroyed - the ceramics begin to become saturated with sediment particles. Candle breakdown resistance is reduced.

Finally, thermomechanical cyclic stresses in the insulator can also lead to its destruction.

QUESTION ANSWER

What do the terms “dry” and “crude toxicity” mean?

These are the slang terms for engine drivers. Crude toxicity - the one immediately after the engine, before the converter. Dry - after the converter: what goes on the release.

“Why do we need different candles if the neutralizer still burns up the unburned mixture?”

It burns far from everything (in CH and NOx - up to about 30–50%). Therefore, the greater the raw toxicity that the candles affect, the greater the dry. Moreover, the neutralizer does not successfully extinguish toxicity in all modes: in particular, when the mixture is enriched, that is, during acceleration, start-up, and heavy loads, it also works inefficiently. But the converter does not affect power, start-up and fuel consumption at all.

The modern controller responds to skipped flashes by igniting the Check Engine. And how does the neutralizer respond to this?

The catalytic converter does not react to skipping flashes in any way. At least in diagnostics you will not see it. If the process is too started, we get a decrease in its service life and, possibly, an early failure. The residual oxygen sensor responds to the omissions: it catches excess oxygen not used in the cylinder and gives a signal to enrich the mixture.

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