The network of motorways and express roads by 2030 (Figure 1)
The network of motorways and express roads by 2030 (Figure 1) The network of motorways and express roads by 2030 (Figure 1)
There are plenty of witty and not very pronouncements regarding the state of Russian roads; until recently, they could also be attributed to the sphere of roadside service. Perhaps the most accurate characteristic is unobtrusive. Participants of the forum “Roads and Roadside Service”, organized by Rusmet, which was held in Moscow, agreed. So, to date, the location of service objects is extremely uneven, and they are disastrously small. As a result, the level of road safety and comfort for motorists is not provided. For example, the Federal State Statistics Service of Russia estimates the location of motels (roadside hotels) as follows: about 48% of the motels are located in the Central District, 24% are in the South, 12% are in the Siberian, 12% are in the North-West and 4% are dispersed across other regions. According to official figures, in Russia only three motels can be classified according to classification as such; their actual number, according to experts, is about two thousand. This is very small. About 40 thousand motels are open in the USA, and even more in small European countries (Table 1).
Campings in Europe (table. 1)
Campings in Europe (table. 1) Campings in Europe (table. 1)
All over the world, roadside service facilities - gas stations, cafes, restaurants, service stations and other facilities - are always located outside the right of way, at a considerable distance from the road. Within the boundaries of the roadside, a special regime for the use of land. It is designed to ensure road safety, eliminate interference with the repair and expansion of highways.
As for our country, until recently chaos reigned in the service industry. Due to the imperfection of the legislation and the lack of control over a very short time, the roads were overgrown with semi-underground car services, gas stations and cafes. According to the standards, the entrances to the gas stations and exits should be equipped with an accelerating strip, a braking strip. However, most service point owners have ignored these requirements. And this is quite understandable: the construction of, for example, an acceleration strip costs several million rubles. As a rule, projects were carried out under the wing of local administrations, which turned a blind eye to violations. What can we say about the regions if only during the inspection of the Moscow Ring Road more than 900 various violations were identified that worsened the road situation (illegal exits to gas stations and even large shopping complexes). In fact, the Moscow Ring Road has turned into a shopping arcade. And in other regional centers a similar picture is observed. First, municipalities allocate land for the construction of shopping centers, and then the business tries to join the roads, without fulfilling the regulatory requirements.
Prospects for the development of roadside services are primarily of interest to Avtodor Group of Companies specialists - a company in trust management of which there are M-1, M-4, M-3 roads, and in the future, M-11 (toll road Moscow-St. Petersburg) and Central Ring Road. So, the statistics of the Avtodor Group of Companies illustrates the condition of the roadside service as deplorable. As of 2010, about 40% of road service facilities on the Belarus M-1 highway were not equipped with parking spaces. Only 15% of road service facilities had parking for trucks, 37% had indoor toilets (another 34% were street, in the rest it was not provided at all). A similar picture on the M-4 “Don” highway: 60% of service facilities without parking lots, 81% - without parking for trucks, and a third do not have a toilet. During the audit, it turned out that about 10% of the objects located within the right of way and roadside lanes of roads are not objects of road service - these are markets, warehouses, bases, office premises. About 80% comply with regulatory requirements only formally, or do not fit into them at all.
Major federal projects are being implemented on federal highways, after which the roads should turn into modern multi-lane expressways. Meanwhile, all over the world, the number of junctions on highways is severely limited for safety reasons and to eliminate interference with traffic. Abroad, highways run along separate track structures and are limited from the terrain by insulating barriers and screens; the distance between successive junctions is 25–30 kilometers or more. This creates the conditions for high-speed comfortable transit with isolation from pedestrians and local traffic. As a rule, highways are an instrument for organizing transit traffic - international and interregional. Undoubtedly, the new configuration of the Russian road network requires a fundamentally new approach also to the organization of roadside service. Therefore, the road authorities decided to streamline the development of roadside services and focus on the development of multifunctional service complexes, to place them 50-100 kilometers from each other. In September 2011, Rosneft - Kubannefteprodukt OAO won the tender announced by the Russian Highways Group of Companies. In early October, an investment agreement was signed on the creation of a multifunctional road service zone (MFZ) in the Korenovsky district at the 1264th km of the M-4 Don federal highway (Zhuravskaya village). MFZ will be located on a plot of 3.6 hectares. In addition to gas station and car service, they will build a hotel with 16–25 beds, car and truck washes, and organize parking spaces for vehicles. A store, cafe, and retail pavilion will also be located here. The company plans to complete the construction of the IFC at the end of 2012. The estimated payback for such an object is about 8 years.
According to Avtodor’s plans, over the next 5 years, it is planned to build 43 multifunctional zones on the M-4 Don highway, including eight in the Kuban. The cost of MFZ is 200 million rubles, therefore, investments in the development of a roadside service network in the Krasnodar Territory may amount to 1.6 billion rubles.
Another large oil company, OJSC TNK-BP, will build the first MPP on the border of Russia and Belarus, at the 448th km of the Belarus M-1 highway, they plan to complete it in the second quarter of 2012.
Of course, the role of investors in the construction of the MFZ is primarily claimed by oil and gas companies. But, having received support from Avtodor Group of Companies and regional authorities, other investors can also join the construction of the MFZ.
Avtodor Group of Companies is a company authorized by the government of the Russian Federation to build and operate toll roads. High-speed road projects, including forecasts up to 2025, are presented in Table. 2.
Planned high-speed roads (tab. 2)
Planned high-speed roads (table. 2) Planned high-speed roads (table. 2)
The core network of motorways and express roads until 2030 is shown in Figure 1. We will dwell on such important projects as the M-11 Moscow-St. Petersburg, M-1 Belarus, M-4 Don and CKAD. As for the M-11 highway (Scheme 2 and Table 3), only at the final 38 km is it supposed to use the life cycle contract (LCA) as the most progressive form of PMU, in which the customer is responsible for the road from the project to maintenance after construction. On the M-1 highway (Scheme 3 and Table 4), 423 km will be built using the LCA. But as in the case of the M-11 highway, only 30% will be provided by private investment.
Construction of the high-speed atomic road M-11 *
Construction of the high-speed atomic road M-11 * Construction of the high-speed nuclear road M-11 *
Reconstruction of the highway M-1 *
Reconstruction of the highway M-1 * Reconstruction of the highway M-1 *
On the M-4 highway (Scheme 4 and Table 5), almost all work will be carried out according to the operator contract scheme, that is, with limited liability. Most of the route will be built with private funds.
Construction of the high-speed atomic road M-4 *
Construction of the high-speed atomic road M-4 * Construction of the high-speed nuclear road M-4 *
As for the Central Ring Road (Scheme 5 and Table 6), it is planned to build it in 3 stages with the involvement of the state budget, business, as well as funds from the budget of the Moscow Region.
Construction of the Central Ring Road in the Moscow Region (c. 5), (tab. 6)
Construction of the Central Ring Road in the Moscow Region (c. 5), (tab. 6) Construction of the Central Ring Road in the Moscow Region. (c. 5), (tab. 6)
Construction of the Central Ring Road in the Moscow Region (c. 5), (tab. 6)
Construction of the Central Ring Road in the Moscow Region (c. 5), (tab. 6) Construction of the Central Ring Road in the Moscow Region. (c. 5), (tab. 6)
The non-adherence of PPP-based projects on Russian soil is associated not with the PPP model as such, but with the shortcomings of the concession law. This law, adopted in 2005, is being amended endlessly. The latter were adopted in the second and third readings by the State Duma in April of this year.
