We poured fresh and very salty water, as well as diluted antifreeze into the jars, and put them in a household freezer (-25 ° C). Only pure water dangerously hardened, antifreeze and "sea" water turned into porridge. However, for the radiator and engine, only antifreeze is safe of them - the salt will quickly corrode the aluminum parts
We poured fresh and very salty water, as well as diluted antifreeze into the jars, and put them in a household freezer (-25 ° C). Only pure water dangerously hardened, antifreeze and "sea" water turned into porridge. However, for the radiator and engine, only antifreeze is safe of them - the salt will quickly corrode the aluminum parts. We poured fresh and very salty water, as well as diluted antifreeze into the jars, and put them in a household freezer (-25 ° C). Only pure water dangerously hardened, antifreeze and "sea" water turned into porridge. However, for the radiator and engine, only antifreeze is safe of them - the salt will quickly corrode the aluminum parts.
PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY
About forty years ago, the first owners of the Lada were amazed to find a plastic tank with blue liquid under the hood - Tosol. Why is it needed?
Before the onset of the Zhiguli era, motorists usually put their cars in the garage for the winter. For those who did not want to become a “snowdrop”, the morning began with pouring water into the radiator, and the evening ended with its discharge. It was easier for taxi drivers and professional drivers: cars spent the night in a warm garage or technicians regularly heated them so that frozen water did not break the radiator and cylinder block. But in the warm season there are no problems: water is excellent, if not the best coolant.
Nevertheless, even then another coolant was known - antifreeze, which is a mixture of the same water with ethylene glycol. Such a composition does not freeze even in the most severe frosts. More precisely, it turns into a kind of viscous gruel that does not pose a danger to the engine. But the temperature of this transformation depends on the proportions, and in a rather cunning way. As ethylene glycol is added to water, the crystallization temperature first decreases, and then begins to rise again. The boiling temperature also changes, and it is always 15–20 degrees higher than that of water. By the way, this is only good for engine cooling.
Why did you need an expansion tank? On the one hand, when heated, antifreeze expands stronger than water and it needs to go somewhere. Of course, just in case, there is a safety valve in the radiator plug. But if water is not a pity and it does not spoil the environment, then antifreeze costs money and is not so harmless. And with the tank, the system turns out to be closed: when the engine warms up, the antifreeze goes into it, when it cools, it returns to the radiator. It is easy to see by lifting the hood: the tank is usually transparent.
They sort of figured out physics, but what about chemistry? Water has a serious drawback: with strong heating, it forms a scale that narrows the channels in the radiator and impairs heat transfer. In cars of the past, this was not so critical: their huge radiators by today's standards had rather wide tubes. But today, when everyone is fighting for efficiency, the radiators have decreased in size, but they consist of a large number of very thin tubes and scum for them is a terrible enemy. The old primitive antifreeze, as it turned out, is also not suitable: hot ethylene glycol is very aggressive with respect to aluminum, from which today radiators and cylinder blocks are made (brass and cast iron reigned here before). Therefore, complex compositions appeared with additive packages to protect the metal from corrosion. On the Russian market, the first such antifreeze was called "Tosol" and the corporate blue color.
WHO IS AN ANTISOL
The developers first borrowed the first three letters of the name “Tosol” from the tablet above the door of the development department: “Organic Synthesis Technology” - TOC. And the ending “ol” came from the chemical terminology used to designate alcohols (methanol, ethanol, etc.): ethylene glycol is also an alcohol. For an unknown reason, an illiterate opinion has since spread: supposedly, antifreezes are for "normal" cars, and "antifreezes" are for VAZ cars and others like them … Once again we repeat: "antifreezes" are just one of the varieties of coolant, and not at all some special class of chemicals! Another thing is that the name has become a household name and it is often used when marking liquids of unpredictable quality. But this has nothing to do with chemistry as a science.
A FULL RANGE OF
Today, the antifreeze market offers a whole palette of funds, and in the literal sense: you can find fluids of blue, green, yellow, pink, red. Once the red dye was added to antifreeze with a new package of organic additives that do not contain silicates and boron. But today, the color of the liquid does not mean absolutely anything, contrary to popular belief. Therefore, when choosing the right composition, you should be guided solely by the recommendations of the car manufacturer. However, if there is no leakage, the question of replacing or adding fluid will arise in five years, not earlier.
