The route "Moscow-St. Petersburg"
There were about nine different projects for the construction of the Moscow-St. Petersburg highway, gradually all of them disappeared, except for one, which, however, did not suit ecologists, especially in the part of the site passing through the Khimki forest. At the insistence of Dmitry Medvedev, the trajectory of the highway was once again studied and came to the conclusion that at this stage of construction this option is the only one possible.
Environmentalists were unhappy with the decision, and although they still have not stopped protesting, it seems that this is just a struggle for the sake of struggle. But we must admit that the "greens" nonetheless played a role: they achieved a real reduction in the right of way to a reasonable working size. The construction of a high-speed highway is accompanied by a strict restriction on the construction of shopping and entertainment centers. On the head site they will not be at all. Well, for the restoration of the forest, which even before the construction of the understudy was not in the best condition, 2 billion rubles were allocated, which, of course, will benefit him.
Moscow, Saint Petersburg
The necessary understudy
Leningradka has been suffocating for a long time, so the idea of an understudy arose back in 1971, was reanimated in 2006, and in 2007 the North-West Concession Company (SZKK) won the competition for the right to build and operate the head section of a highway Moscow - St. Petersburg from the 15th to the 58th km.
The road as a whole is a 700-kilometer highway, consisting of various sections, only three of which (leaving Moscow, bypassing Vyshny Volochyok and entering St. Petersburg) will be built on the basis of public-private partnerships, and the bulk of the work will be undertaken the state represented by Avtodor Group of Companies.
Speedway M-SPb
Let us dwell in more detail on the site where the North-West Concession Company is working. She got it for rent for 30 years; during this time, the company undertakes not only to build its part of the road, but also to maintain it. At the end of the term, the concessionaire must transfer his part of the road to the state in the “state of the new highway”. Also, under the terms of the agreement, after 18 years, the layer of natural wear and tear will be renewed. Although the road will most likely not be destroyed, most likely, because the rut is formed most often from car spikes when driving at low speed. High speed is provided here - 150 km / h. But there is a nuance - while in Russia the permitted maximum is only 110 km / h, therefore, work remains to be done at the legislative level.
The beginning of the road, that is, the section for which the NWCC is responsible, will open in 2014, the entire route will be built by 2018. But the road on the 15-58th km can still be exploited: until the end of the construction of the entire autobahn, it will be temporarily led to M10 (Leningradka) in front of Solnechnogorsk.
Five bridges with a total length of more than 600 m (including a bridge across the Moscow Canal) and 27 overpasses are to be erected on the head section. The number of lanes will vary from 8 to 10:
- the first section of the road (from MKAD to the entrance to Sheremetyevo-1) involves 5 lanes in each direction;
- the second (from the entrance to Sheremetyevo-1 to the entrance to Zelenograd) - 4 lanes;
- the third (from the entrance to Zelenograd to the junction with M10 at the 58th km) - up to 2 lanes in each direction.
The width of the traffic lanes is 3.75 m, the width of the dividing strip is 3.7 m. The road will be equipped with a system for the rapid determination of road accidents, patrols will be carried out on it every 6 hours, protective fences will be installed along the entire route.
By the time the expressway is fully operational, it is planned to reconstruct the road network in such a way as to relieve Leningradka: the traffic flow will not run into the Moscow Ring Road, but will go directly to the city, crossing the Ring Road.
Overpass
Currently, work is underway throughout the entire 15–58th km section in the Khimki and Solnechnogorsk forests: the soil is leveled, transitions are laid for moose and amphibian frogs. Asphalt, according to weather conditions, until laid. For the entire construction period, the base layer of asphalt was laid only on the first four kilometers of the road, next to the International Highway.
Upon closer inspection, the road looks like a layer cake: 40 cm of crushed stone-sand mixture spread on the earthen layer, and on it three layers of asphalt of different compositions. The uppermost of them is a 5-centimeter layer of crushed stone-mastic asphalt with the addition of polymer materials and will change along the course of wear.
The task of SZKK is to build a high-quality road, because it will be responsible for the repair within the next 30 years, which means that it is in its interests to do everything to avoid unnecessary expenses.
highway Moscow-St. Petersburg
Performers and money
The design of the route was developed by state order from the St. Petersburg company Dorservice. That is, the concessionaire (SZKK company) began to work according to the already approved plan, which, according to the agreement, he has no right to change. Mostotrest acted as a contractor, British AECOM became an independent technical expert, which monitors the quality of work: it excavates asphalt and checks its compaction. Under the terms of the concession agreement, the SZKK is already working on the prepared areas, the state-owned company Avtodor is responsible for clearing the territory and cutting down the clearing.
The construction cost is estimated at more than 60 billion rubles. Of this amount, the state allocates 22.850 billion rubles, shareholders - more than 8 billion rubles, Sberbank and Vnesheconombank - 29.2 billion rubles. Long-term project bonds issued another 10 billion rubles.
The fare from Moscow to St. Petersburg will consist of various amounts. So, travel on a paid section from the 15th to 58th km will cost 3.60 rubles, on sections that the state will take care of in the person of the state-owned Avtodor company, 1 ruble. Therefore, it is incorrect to estimate the fare from Moscow to St. Petersburg, simply by multiplying the length of the route by 3.60 rubles. How much the trip will cost in general, while no one can definitely say. But it is already known that it will be possible to pay in cash - at specialized payment points, and with the help of contactless cards, from which money will be debited automatically.
The route "Moscow-St. Petersburg"
