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REAR DRIVE
The sequential arrangement of the units (engine-gearbox-main gear) promises the owner considerable benefits.
REAR DRIVE
Free layout gives excellent access to any node, and wielding with a wrench in the open is much more convenient. The components themselves are also simpler arranged - compare at least the universal joint with the SHRUS! Perhaps the only unpleasant exception is the rear axle gearbox. Hypoid gearing requires skillful hands and certain knowledge. Design flaws may also occur. The same universal joint does not always ensure uniform rotation of the driven shaft, due to which there are jerks in the transmission and vibration, which are familiar to domestic "nivovodam". Indeed, the shaft rotates about four times faster than the wheels!
REAR DRIVE
+ Good maintainability, including individual nodes.
- The tunnel in the floor of the body to accommodate the driveshaft, the possible occurrence of vibrations in low-cost versions.
FRONT-WHEEL DRIVE
This scheme is attractive to the manufacturer, which led to its massiveness.
FRONT-WHEEL DRIVE
So, it’s easy to attach a tail of any size and purpose to the engine front, a compact mover is convenient for conveyor assembly, etc. There are not so many benefits to the consumer: a flat (or slightly hunchbacked) floor and a relatively short hood. The passive is the increased complexity of maintenance and difficult to manufacture (and therefore expensive) hinges of equal angular velocities. Another inconvenience is the removal of the car from the trajectory during intensive acceleration, caused by the use of drives of unequal length. True, this design is used mainly on budget machines - the more expensive ones are equipped with an intermediate shaft, which turns the CV joints into interchangeable parts.
FRONT-WHEEL DRIVE
+ Smooth floor, a wide selection of modifications to the base model.
- The high cost of some parts, the withdrawal with vigorous acceleration.
FOUR-WHEEL DRIVE
It is necessary in two cases. The first is when you need to improve the dynamic qualities of a car.
FOUR-WHEEL DRIVE
Everything is simple here: the more wheels push off the road, the greater the moment (ceteris paribus) it is possible to realize. In this case, a permanent all-wheel drive with an interaxle differential (or a clutch replacing it) is more often used. Typically, such a modification relies on the most powerful engine and the richest configuration. Hence the considerable price, in comparison with the closest monoprivodny relative (for “Lancer,” for example, the premium is 570, 000 rubles). A great option for wealthy lovers of aggressive driving.
The second is due to the need to increase cross-country ability. On the "light cavalry" - crossovers usually use a scheme with an automatically connected rear axle. The distribution of traction in this case is controlled by electronics - the driver can only press the pedals and turn the steering wheel. However, the device is not intended for a long ride in harsh conditions - it will be necessary to cool an overheated clutch quite often. It is not surprising that such cars are popular among citizens - uncleaned yards and high curbs are akin to easy off-road driving. And the surcharge for four-wheel drive is more democratic here (in the case of Qashqai, only about 100, 000 rubles.).
FOUR-WHEEL DRIVE
Heavy cavalry - off-road vehicles - has a much more impressive arsenal. There is a rigidly connected front end, and a transfer case with a lowering row, and lockable differentials … Of course, excess iron increases fuel consumption and the cost of maintaining an all-terrain vehicle. Grab such a car exclusively on the pavement is hardly advisable, however, many owners do not care. Prestige is a terrible force!
+ Excellent dynamics, advanced off-road capabilities.
- Significant maintenance costs.
TOTAL
First of all, transmission schemes affect the control features. A skid of a rear-wheel drive car, for example, can be extinguished by turning the steering wheel and discharging gas, while sometimes it is necessary to add traction in the version with front driving wheels. What it is like to put pressure on the pedal when the car looks out of control! Four-wheel drive combines the features of the other two at times in unpredictable proportions. Fortunately for car owners, modern electronics manage to level the differences.
It is also believed that classic cars are better suited for climbing a hill or towing a trailer, while front-wheel drive cars have increased cross-country ability. Theoretically, it is, however, you can only feel the difference in an extreme situation.
The most tangible differences for the owner appear, perhaps, during maintenance and repair: the more complex the design, the higher the cost.
There are not many adherents of rear-wheel drive among car manufacturers. In the budget sector, the ball is ruled by AvtoVAZ with its eternal “ Lada ” (2107 - from 199, 900 rubles), other apologists settled mainly in the premium segment (Mercedes-S 180 - from 1, 370, 000 rubles, BMW-116 i - from 834 000 rubles).
