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At Dawn, Do Not Wake Her

2024

Video: At Dawn, Do Not Wake Her

Video: At Dawn, Do Not Wake Her
Video: A.Varlamov - A.Fet. "Do Not Wake Her At Dawn" 2024, March
At Dawn, Do Not Wake Her
At Dawn, Do Not Wake Her
Anonim

Even if the oil in the crankcase is fine, according to the weather, if the starter cranks the crankshaft perfectly, the ignition system with candles in full openwork is not a guarantee that the engine will come to life. After all, it is necessary to fill the cylinders with a working mixture that can ignite from a spark - here pitfalls usually hide. Sometimes there are no complaints about the firmware of the electronic control unit - the nozzles work clearly, the fuel is supplied as much as necessary, and the mixture in the cylinders is extremely poor … simply because the unfortunate gas does not want to evaporate! The result is candles filled with them. Arrived …

Thirty-degree frost is not out of the ordinary for our country. How to be a motorist? It’s easier for those who put a hot car to spend the night in a garage - even in the morning the engine temperature (especially if it is additionally covered) will be several precious degrees above critical. There is a chance to make! Another option: before starting, warm up the engine from an external heat source. It happened that veterans poured boiling water brought in buckets into a radiator - troublesome, and not very useful for quickly warmed up “mechanics”. But they started and drove!

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Today, the lover of winter trips has other options. On a photo 1 - an autonomous prestarting heater. There are such for gasoline engines and for diesel engines - depending on the volume of the cooling system they are made of different capacities, equipped with electronic control. Of course, there are problems too. We’ll talk about their diagnosis and elimination in our turn, and first, as usual, get acquainted with the device and wiring diagrams of “autonomous vehicles”.

[caption id = "attachment_192583" align = "aligncenter" caption = "Fig. 1. Heater diagram: 1 - air blower; 2 - main fuse; 3 - metering pump; 4 - water pump;

5 - temperature sensor; 6 - overheating sensor; 7 - a combustion chamber; 8 - heat exchanger; 9 - a muffler; 10 - glow plug;

one"]

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[/caption] In fig. 1 is a diagram of a heater. When the heater is turned on, power is supplied to the glow plug 10, which is heated to operating temperature. At the same time, the built-in liquid pump 4 and the air blower 1 start working. Then the metering pump 3 is turned on and the fuel is supplied to the combustion chamber 7. The control unit smoothly increases the speed of the air blower. As soon as the flame in the burner is stabilized, the indicator 11 will inform the control unit about it and it will turn off the glow plug. The heater has entered the operating mode. The fluid flowing through the heat exchanger 8 is heated and enters the engine cooling jacket. The unit monitors the process not only by the flame indicator, but also relying on the signals of temperature sensors 5 and overheating 6. When the liquid heats up to 30 ° C, the unit will turn on the heater fan - heating of the passenger compartment will begin. When the liquid reaches 86 ° C, the metering fuel pump 3 is turned off, and the liquid pump and heater fan continue to operate. This phase will continue until the temperature of the liquid drops to 70 ° C, after which the unit will again turn on the glow plug and the fuel pump. The cycle is closed. All this will be repeated as long as the driver will program - but not more than two hours.

If the engine was not very cold, then after starting the heater, the control unit puts it in economy mode, reducing energy consumption and gas consumption by almost half.

There are four options for turning on the heater. The easiest is with a button. After switching on, the system works until the owner presses the button again - a significant drawback.

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The second option is with a mini-timer (photo 2, item 1). Here, as in all other options, the driver can forcefully turn on the heater as many times as he wants, but he has the ability to set the time for automatic start and the duration of this system. The time interval is limited to 24 hours - it will not work to program for the day after tomorrow. But if you regularly start the engine at the same time (for example, in the morning or in the evening), then the algorithm is simplified: it is enough to enter the start-up time, but no more than three times during the day. The heater has only three alarms. However, this does not mean that the heater will turn on three times on its own. After the first start-up, it is necessary to confirm the next start by pressing the timer button, otherwise the chain is interrupted - there will be no subsequent starts.

For those who are not satisfied with the mini-timer, there is a third option for automatic switching on - a modular timer (photo 2, pos. 2). He has an extended time interval for turning on the heater - a whole week! Here, the block also has three alarms, but for the whole week, and the block can be checked for errors - and at the same time unlock it. But we will talk about these subtleties later.

The fourth version of the launch is the most advanced, but true, and the most expensive - remote, with a key fob (telestart). Keychain - in the photo 2, pos. 3. It allows you to revive the heater at a distance of one and a half kilometers (!) Under the condition of direct visibility and the absence of interference. In urban conditions, the radius of action is reduced to 300 m, but if the building blocks the signal, the heater will not turn on.

The feature of the telestart is that it provides constant communication with the control unit: looking at the display of the key fob, the driver monitors the temperature in the cabin (the sensor is complete with the key fob), controls the operation time of the heater before it is turned off. The driver can turn on only the heater fan, without starting the heater - this is the so-called summer mode.

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In conclusion, we consider the schemes for incorporating heaters into the cooling system. The most common and simple in fig. 2 - into the gap of the pipe going from the engine to the radiator of the passenger compartment heater. The liquid circulates along the small circuit of the cooling system. When it heats up to 30 ° C, the heater fan will turn on. On some cars, the heater must be placed far from the inlet hose of the cabin heater. Because of this, the volume of circulating liquid increases, and on a running engine, when the heater is turned off, the operation of the cooling system deteriorates, since the liquid overcomes the additional hydraulic resistance. To avoid this, they put a check valve (photo 3, Fig. 3). Here, the rubber ball of valve 4, when heater 2 is on, moves to the left - all the fluid goes through the heater. When the latter is turned off and the engine starts, the ball shifts to the right to the limiter - the liquid freely bypasses it along the path of least resistance, practically without flowing into the heater.

[caption id = "attachment_192587" align = "aligncenter" caption = "Fig. 4. Scheme of switching on the heater with an additional thermostat: 1 - engine;

2 - heater; 3 - interior heater; 4 - check valve; 5 - thermostat.

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