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Six Sources And Three Components Of The Clutch

2024

Video: Six Sources And Three Components Of The Clutch

Video: Six Sources And Three Components Of The Clutch
Video: How a clutch works! (Animation) | Clutch, How does it work ? | single plate friction clutch working 2024, March
Six Sources And Three Components Of The Clutch
Six Sources And Three Components Of The Clutch
Anonim

MARKET

/EXPERTISE

SIX SOURCES AND THREE COMPONENT PARTS OF CLUTCH

CHECK THE CLUTCH KITS ON “SAMARA”

TEXT / DMITRY YERIGIN, MIKHAIL KOLODOCHKIN

For someone who decided to replace the clutch on their own, it’s somehow inconvenient to give “smart” tips. A beginner for this work, "unattended, " probably should not be taken, and "experienced" usually have an established view of it. It's just difficult to choose the right product on the counter - even the presence of a well-known brand does not always guarantee proper quality. The stock of "old" knowledge can also fail - life does not stand still. Therefore, we invite everyone to get acquainted with the results of studies conducted at our request in a specialized laboratory NAMI.

Six clutch kits were tested at Samara, purchased in retail. In order not to be lonely with the stingy protocol data on the pages of the magazine, we decided to accompany them with the comments of specialists, as well as the opinions of experienced practitioners on choosing a particular product, methods of mounting on a car, etc.

To begin with, we recall that there are three main parts of the clutch: the release bearing, the basket (it is also the pressure plate) and the driven disk - that's all. As usual, the "business cards" of the products are shown under the corresponding photo - we’ll arrange the estimates a little later.

WHAT MEASURED?

What to check for clutch except packaging and appearance? Each set was weighed - in detail and “on the Brudershaft”. Then, a number of geometric parameters were evaluated, the maximum transmitted torque was measured, and the imbalance of the pressure and driven disks was determined. In addition, we measured the squeezing force of each clutch, compared the end beats of the friction surfaces of the driven discs, etc. The results were compared with the provisions of the Talmud - RD 37.001.664 - 95 “Dry friction friction clutches. General technical requirements and test methods , as well as a set of design documentation for clutch VAZ vehicles. The most important and interesting results are shown in the table.

WHAT GOT?

The mass of sets of identical at first glance clutches differs by more than a pound. The lightest turned out to be LuK, and VAZInterservice fell into the heavyweights. Of course, the mass of sets affects the torsional vibrations in the transmission, but we will assume that the dispersion "in grams" in our case is not so large as to noticeably change the shape of the vibrations. In general, the mass characterizes the perfection of the clutch design rather than their direct merits or demerits.

All the clutch coped with the transmission of torque, but the spread again turned out to be impressive - from 150 to 190 N.m, and the VAZ model turned out to be the "weakest". But the imbalance measurements reminded the doping control at the Olympics … Indeed, the static imbalance turned out to be such that everyone except LuK was removed from the “distance”! And if Saks and VAZInterservice could still appeal to the mercy of experts (think about 10%), the rest could only blush for their own inferiority. Particularly surprised by the "Englishman", who exceeded the norm as much as five times!

With dynamic imbalance it was different. Excellent results were shown by Sax and LuK, which met the requirements with a large margin. And worse than the others, Quinton Hazle looked again.

The clutch release force is simple: the pedal is either heavy or light. However, here the emphasis has not changed - the clear victory of LuK and the last place of the Englishman: only he did not fit within the framework of the VAZ requirements. The rest looked quite worthy: only VAZInterservice again did not reach the norm of a few percent.

The pressure plate in all sets moved within the permissible limits. The relatively large amount of movement of the "Englishman" partially explains the great squeezing force indicated by the line above. As for the distance from the ends of the petals to the friction surface, then this is the geometric characteristic of the assembly, normalized for a specific car model. If this parameter is increased above normal, the service life of the slave disk is reduced. The end beating does not need comments - the lower it is, the better.

We sorted out the official results. It's time to take a short break and listen to the opinion of “experienced”.

OPINION OF PRACTICE

To ensure optimum clutch life, all three “components” must be replaced at the same time (release bearing, basket, and driven disk).

The number of damper springs in the driven disk does not play a special role. They have pairwise equal stiffness, selected by the manufacturer. For clutches with six springs, the resulting angular stiffness varies according to a more complex law than for "four-spring" products.

The number of petals at the diaphragm spring of the basket also does not serve as a quality criterion, although it can be considered that the clutch accuracy still increases with their number.

The choice of a particular manufacturer is largely determined by personal preferences. Usually there are no problems with LuK and Saks. With Quinton, the pedal becomes tight, but by the end of the turn it “makes it easier” - such kinematics.

In the process of replacing the clutch, it is necessary to tighten the mounting bolts gradually and through one to prevent warping of the basket casing. Before tightening the basket bolts, the mandrel used to center the driven disk needs to be slightly moved up and down and left and right to more accurately center the driven disk. With the purchase of the mandrel there are no problems - it is the same for the “classics” and “Samara”.

On the part of the driven discs, the side adjacent to the flywheel may have the inscription “flywheel side” (flywheel side or, in short, fly wheel). If there are no labels, you need to look at the slave drive on the side. The side with which the damper springs protrude less from the level of the friction linings is the side of the flywheel. If installed incorrectly, the damper springs will cling to the flywheel bolts, if not immediately, then pretty soon.

During the replacement process, never allow the box to “hang” on the input shaft: this can lead to deformation of the driven disc and cause the clutch to jam or break. Before installation, it is necessary to check the condition of the clutch cable so that it walks easily and does not have breaks in the plastic shell.

After installing the clutch, adjust the cable. Clutch pedals and brakes should be at the same level. Do not forget to press the clutch pedal several times and check whether the adjustment is broken.

OUR OPINION

Protocols are signed, sealed and put into the safe. We will try to summarize everything briefly. Of the products we bought, the best were LuK and Saks. But “Quinton Hazle” all the time pretended to be “Boy-Bad”. If every extra ruble is of fundamental importance, then it is better to choose "VAZinterservice". However, who prevents the reader from thinking differently?

Company / LuK (Lamellen und Kupplungsbau)

Country of origin / Not specified

Price / 1570 rub.

Marking: bearing - SKF VKS 2535; driven disk - 319 0114 10 LuK 0301; pressure plate - 118 86 100 10A (on the diaphragm) 89 700 6K13 119009 110 (on the case). Seal of approval MT14. There are markings on the follower for proper orientation during installation. The diaphragm spring of the basket has 18 petals. The driven disk has four damper springs. The LuK logo is applied everywhere - even on rivets. The lining fastening plate is general - annular.

Firm / SACHS

Country of origin / See below.

Price / 1960 rub.

Marking: bearing - SKF VKS 2535 (SACHS 3151811002) Made in France; driven disk - Made in Slovakia; pressure plate - Made in Germany TYP MF 190 07 3082 12344. No approval mark. Diaphragm spring with 18 petals. The flywheel side facing the flywheel is marked FLY WHEEL. The disk itself has six damper springs. Plate mounting plate general.

Firm / CJSC "VAZINTERSERVICE"

Country of manufacture / Russia, Tolyatti

Price / 970 rub.

Marking: bearing - VBF; drive disk; push disk. Seal of Approval AY70. The diaphragm spring has 12 blades. One-piece mounting plate. Driven disc - with six springs. Marking is present only on the packages: at the basket - 2109-1601085, at the driven disk - 2109-1601130. There is no mark for the orientation of the slave drive.

Company / Not specified. *

Country of origin / Russia

Price / 850 rub.

Marking: bearing - VBF 520806; slave drive - 2109-1601130; push disk. Seal of approval MT14. Diaphragm spring with 12 blades. Separate plates for attaching pads. Six damper springs.

Sellers call the product "Tyumen", but the plant claims that it only makes pressure discs.

Company / BORG & BECK

Country of origin / EEC

Price / 1670 rub.

Marking: bearing - nameless; driven disk - BORG & BECK T22F; pressure plate - NE 7125 T15F. No sign of approval. Diaphragm spring with 18 petals. Plate mounting plate general. The mounting side of the driven disk is not indicated. Six springs. There is an instruction in Russian.

Firm / QH (Quinton Hazell)

Country of origin / England

Price / 1800 rub.

Marking: bearing - SN-930; drive disk - 127–3 1169 0401; pressure plate - QY93284 KC2630 Made in GB. No sign of approval. Diaphragm spring with 18 petals. Plate mounting plate general. There is a tube with grease for input shaft splines. Driven disc with six damper springs. Instructions in all major languages except Russian.

Clutch device:

1 - release bearing;

2 - a press disk;

3- slave drive; 4 - flywheel.

SPECIALIST COMMENT ON MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUE

The maximum torque transmitted by the clutch of a passenger car must be within 1.2–1.75 of the maximum engine torque. For Samara, this is 127.2–185.5 N.m, since the torque of the VAZ 2108 3 engine is 106 N.m.

The clutch release force is measured by moving the ends of the petals of the compression spring by 7.5 mm. The movement of the pressure disk is determined during the shutdown, equal to 7.4-7.6 mm from the position determined by the distance 8.3 + 0.025 mm between the pressure disk and the flywheel.

The distance from the ends of the petals to the friction surface of the flywheel is measured when the pressure disk is removed from the flywheel by 8.3 + 0.025 mm. The thickness of the driven disk on the plates is evaluated under a compression load of 3300 N.

The distance between the plane of the flywheel and the rear surface of the release bearing is indicated by the letter f. It is measured on the assembled clutch kit. According to the documentation, this size should be 49.74–52.06 mm, but small deviations are acceptable. If f is greater than normal, then the clutch can work as long as the bearing travel is enough. If the size is reduced below the tolerance, nothing bad will happen - only the margin for adjusting the clutch will increase. It is curious that for foreign firms the size f is noticeably smaller than our norm - this allows us to reduce the overall dimensions and weight. True, this does not apply to Borg & Beck (their size f is above the upper limit).

COMPARATIVE TEST RESULTS OF CLUTCH KITS ON “SAMARA”

Requirements of LuK SACHS “VAZinter-„ Bezymyan- Borg & Quinton

CD VAZ service "new" Beck Hazell

Kit weight, g 4010 3500 3780 4030 3995 3895 3800

Including:

Pressure plate 2940 2550 2940 3000 2915 2955 2800

Slave drive 820 795 690 810 860 800 770

Release bearing 250 155 150 220 220 140 230

The maximum twisting mo-

clutch transmitted

low, N.m 127.2–185.5 164.0 180.0 150.0 156.0 180.0 190.0

Static imbalance push-

disk assembly, g. cm 20.0 10.2 22.2 22.2 55.5 55.5 110.0

Dynamic imbalance

driven disk at a frequency

rotation 1000 rpm, g.cm 15.0 6.0 2.0 18.0 14.0 13.0 22.0

Clutch release force

no more, N 1210 650 720 1220 730 820 1640

Moving the pressure plate, not less than, mm 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.55 1.45 1.8

Distance from the ends of the pet

cov to the friction surface

flywheel, mm 29–31 30.0 30.0 30.0 31.4 31.5 33.0

The thickness of the driven disk, mm 7.55–8.05 7.50 8.00 8.00 8.00 8.00 8.00

End runout of surfaces

driven disk friction

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