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On Your Marks

2024

Video: On Your Marks

Video: On Your Marks
Video: Gregor Salto and Wiwek - On your Mark 2024, March
On Your Marks
On Your Marks
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ON YOUR MARKS!

The starter is one of those units whose failure can ruin the mood seriously and for a long time, especially in winter.

Alexander BUDKIN

Of the six starters we bought for the examination (see photo), half are domestic, one from Belarus, two more are envoys from the countries of the former socialist camp - Slovenia and Bulgaria. By their appointment, the applicants were divided into two groups: three for Samara, three for Zhiguli. Two of the first group are made according to the latest technical mode - with an integrated planetary gear and permanent magnets instead of the field winding. By weight and size, they are half as much as gearless competitors with the usual field winding with a mixed connection. So, we have: for VAZ 2108 … 2109 - KZATE and Iskra with gearboxes, KZATE without gearbox; for VAZ 2101 … 2107 - ELTRA, BATE and Dynamo.

EXTERNAL INSPECTION did not reveal any defects: the condition of the coating, assembly and tightening of the bolts are all satisfactory. Significant differences in weight: the heaviest starter - ELTRA - 7 kg, the lightest - "Spark" - 3.6 kg. The marking of all products meets the requirements of GOST 3940, but on models 5712.3708 (KZATE with gear) and 1.3R.3.103 (Bulgarian Dynamo for VAZ 2101 … 2107) it is made in the form of a sticker. One more trifle: the Belarusian BATE and gear KZATE do not have data on power. However, this is not the main thing - if only during testing it corresponded to the technical specifications.

First, the mandatory program is a check for compliance with the requirements of TU and OST 37.003.084–88. RATED POWER was tested at a temperature of + 20 ° C and 100% charge of the battery with a capacity of 55 A.h. According to this indicator (see table), the Russian ELTRA stood out from the “Zhiguli” trinity for the better: 1.65 kW against 1.55 kW from competitors. In the other group, the best is the KZATE gearbox, the second is Iskra, the third is KZATE without the gearbox.

STARTING POWER was tested at –20 ° С and 75% battery charge at the end of the third conditional start attempt; this took into account the voltage drop in the wires of 0.2 V per 100 A. All products fit the requirements of the standard, and the distribution of seats exactly coincided with the previous experiment. No less successfully, the subjects passed the test of the operation of the traction relay AT LOWER VOLTAGES: to turn on at 9 V and turn off at 5.4 V.

IDLE CHARACTERISTICS were tested at a temperature of + 23 ° C and a supply voltage of 12 V. The current consumption and the speed of rotation of the output shaft of the starters were laid down in the standard. According to the idle current, among the samples for the “classics”, ELTRA was slightly inferior, and out of the three starters for “Samara”, “Iskra” turned out to be slightly worse. The idle speed is a different picture. Of the “Zhiguli” ones, Bulgarian Dynamo lost, “Russian” and “Belarus” showed similar values with a slight superiority of our compatriot. The direct drive KZATE was noticeably distinguished from the “eighth” family, and for the better. The other two were almost the same.

The next series of checks was a real mockery of the starters: what will happen if they scroll a tightly-mounted crankshaft, connect it to a high-voltage power line, freeze it? It turned out that in the FULL BRAKING MODE, the voltage at the output terminals of the starters and the current consumed by them fit into the requirements of the standard. Although these parameters themselves do not say much, they can be used to judge the quality of switching systems and their ability to withstand increased loads. All starters successfully overcame the RISE FREQUENCY TEST, HEAT RESISTANCE (at + 45 ° С) and FROST RESISTANCE: 3 hours at –60 ° С, then 3 hours at –40 ° С with functional check. Sophisticated methods were also used to check the insulation of live parts for HIGH VOLTAGE: for 15 seconds, the voltage gradually increased from 180 to 550 V, was maintained at this level for one minute and also smoothly dropped. Again we stood.

WHOM TO CHOOSE. Despite the willingness of strict examiners to put at least one “deuce”, the subjects did not give a reason for this. Bravely enduring torture, all samples reached the finish line alive. Therefore, giving preference to someone, it is not worth scolding the rest.

The most difficult to allocate places among the three "eighth" starters. Here, the first to be called reducer KZATE. We will divide the second and third place between Iskra and the KZATE model without a gearbox. Among the starters for the "classics" places are easier to allocate. The ELTRA sample will be unconditionally the first, since it outperforms competitors in several indicators at once, even if only slightly. The last one (again does not mean bad) is “Bulgarian”: at very close values with the Belarusian starter, it showed a noticeably lower idle speed.

INSTEAD OF AN AFTERWORD

Starter - the unit is quite conservative. Changes made to its design over the past ten years can be counted on the fingers. In 1983, the traction relay appeared two windings - retracting and holding. Since 1986, the mixed connection circuit of the field winding has changed: three poles in series, one in parallel (it was 2 + 2). On starters for VAZ 2108 … 2109, the "beak" disappeared: one support of the starter shaft was already on the engine. On the one hand, metal saving, on the other hand, you can’t normally check the removed starter. And more recently, planetary gearboxes have appeared. New miniature starters have increased power and improved starting properties, although … you look at the plastic crown of the gearbox and doubt takes it: it seems that it should break. On the new machines of the VAZ 2110 family, the same KZATE gearbox is installed as in our test, but with modified attachment points. What will happen to the starters next - we won’t begin to guess. Wait and see.

The end collector used on gear starters is preferable to a cylindrical one.

Instead of a field winding, a small starter has small magnets.

1. KZATE, Russia, mod. 5712.3708. For VAZ 2108 … 2109; with built-in planetary gearbox, rotation is left, instead of field winding - magnets. Price - 900 rubles.

He won in a bitter struggle with two other starters for 2108 … 2109. Won over competitors in rated and starting power.

2. Iskra, Slovenia, mod. AZE 2512. For VAZ 2108 … 2109; with built-in planetary gearbox, rotation is left, instead of field winding - magnets. Price - 1250 rub.

He shared the second or third place with gearless KZATE. It surpasses it in rated and starting power, but inferior in idle speed.

3. KZATE, Russia, mod. 29.3708-01. For VAZ 2108 … 2109; rotation left, field winding with mixed connection. Price - 950 rubles.

The third place among the "eighth" starters is partially conditional. If it seems that high idle speed and the absence of plastic parts is more important - the sample can be called the first.

4. ELTRA, Russia, mod. 4211.3708-02. For VAZ 2101 … 2107; rotation right, field winding with mixed connection. Price - 720 rubles.

The first place among three "Zhiguli" starters. A little ahead of competitors in several respects at once.

5. BATE, Belarus, mod. 425.3708. For VAZ 2101 … 2107; rotation right, field winding with mixed connection. Price - 670 rubles.

The second among the "Zhiguli" starters. The parameters are very close to the Bulgarian product, but significantly exceeds it in terms of idle speed.

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